One of the most popular breeds in the United States, these toy terriers have flattened heads and grow silky blue and tan coats. Even though this dog is usually only several inches tall and seven pounds heavy, this affectionate little dog enjoys getting into adventures and mischief that belie its small size. These dogs can be energetic and curious, as well as stubborn. Perhaps this contributes to their loyalty. They can make good watchdogs, and they are affectionate with children and adults alike. What they need are firm owners, owners who act like pack leaders, as the terrier will respond to this. This will keep small dog syndrome from taking over the house.
This dog is named after the English city of the breed's origin. Originally used in clothing mills to hunt down rats, there used to be jokes that the terrier's glossy coat was made on the looms around which the dog roamed. Remarkably, little of this magnificent coat ever sheds. Many owners elect to keep the hair on the terriers; head short so they can see out well or use a ribbon to make a topknot. Yorkies' long coat demands regular care, such as a brushing almost every day. Some owners will keep the terrier's hair cropped short.
The cold can be a problem for this dog, which prefers a warmer atmosphere. Due to size though, Yorkies can fit well into apartments and do not demand much outside activity. This is because these terriers take care of most of their exercise with their own bustling activities around a house. Your pet will need to spend daily time with people though, and Yorkshire terriers especially enjoy playing. They also like to go outside for brief walks.
A common health problem for these terriers is portosystemic shunt (PSS). Just as with other small dogs, this birth defect can be found in the dog's portal vein. This vein transports blood with toxins from the intestines to the liver. Once in the liver, the blood is purified of toxins. In cases of PSS, the vein skips the liver, so the blood keeps all the toxins. This can lead to your pet vomiting, having seizures, acting confused, or having problems growing. Usually, this condition can be treated through surgery. After a veterinarian has taken care of the matter, your pet should be healthy and good to go.
Another problem that Yorkies sometimes suffer is patellar luxation. This is when the kneecap slips out of place and roams around the limb. This has the potential to quickly cripple your dog, not to mention this can inflict severe pain. Take your pet immediately if this condition develops.
Yorkshire terriers may also suffer from progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). This affects the eyes and can cause blindness. This is something that a dog inherits. There is no pain from this condition, but of course, it is dangerous to your dog's health. Pay attention if your dog's pupils are always dilated. If you have any concerns, take your pet to the vet, as some procedures can slow down the onset of blindness.
When it comes to picking a purebred dog to join the family, it is important to understand what your pet's health risks are. Find a respectable breeder, then look at the medical history of a puppy's parents. You will want to ensure that the puppy has been screened for issues that the breed is prone to contract. For Yorkshire terriers, it may be a good idea to have a liver ultrasound, along with other tests. As always, regular visits to your vet are important for the health of this terrier and your pet's quality of life.